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Having long served as a standard introduction to the world of the early church, Everett Ferguson’s Backgrounds of Early Christianity has been expanded and updated in this third edition. The book explores and unpacks the Roman, Greek, and Jewish political, social, religious, and philosophical backgrounds necessary for a good historical understanding of the New Testament and the early church. New...

to rebuild the temple. With the encouragement of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah the Second Temple was completed and dedicated in 515 B.C. (Ezra 1–6).5 Thus began what is called the period of the “Second Temple” or the “Second Jewish Commonwealth.” A second group of exiles returned under the leadership of Ezra (Ezra 1–7), whose dates are much disputed. Ezra is termed “a scribe skilled in the law of Moses” (7:6), and with him we are introduced to a new class of religious leaders who were to assume
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